"इस्लामी दुनिया" (अनुभाग) सम्पादित करें

==धर्म और देश==
{{मुख्य |इस्लामी सहयोग संगठन}}
जैसा कि मुस्लिम विश्व धर्मनिरपेक्ष आदर्शों के संपर्क में
आया, समाज ने विभिन्न तरीकों से प्रतिक्रिया व्यक्त की। कुछ मुस्लिम देश धर्मनिरपेक्ष हैं 1918 और 1920 के बीच, सोवियत संघ में शामिल किए
जाने से पहले, अज़रबैजान मुस्लिम दुनिया का पहला धर्मनिरपेक्ष गणराज्य बन गया था। मुस्तफा कमाल अतातुर्क के सुधारों से तुर्की को धर्मनिरपेक्ष
राज्य के रूप में शासित किया गया है। इसके विपरीत, 1979 ईरानी क्रांति ने अयातुल्ला, रुहोलह खोमेनी के नेतृत्व में इस्लामी गणराज्य
के साथ एक धर्मनिरपेक्ष शासन की जगह ली। कुछ देशों ने
इस्लाम को आधिकारिक राज्य
धर्म के रूप में घोषित किया है। उन देशों में, कानूनी व्यवस्था काफी हद तक धर्मनिरपेक्ष है विरासत और
विवाह से संबंधित व्यक्तिगत स्थिति मामलों में केवल शरीयत कानून द्वारा शासित हैं।
====इस्लामी देश====
इस्लामी राज्यों ने इस्लाम को राज्य और संविधान की वैचारिक आधार के रूप में अपनाया है।

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*{{flag|अफगानिस्तान}}<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.constituteproject.org/constitution/Afghanistan_2004|title=Constitution of Afghanistan 2004|access-date=30 मार्च 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170223213703/https://www.constituteproject.org/constitution/Afghanistan_2004|archive-date=23 फ़रवरी 2017|url-status=live}}</ref>
*{{flag|ईरान}}<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.iranonline.com/iran/iran-info/government/constitution-1.html|title=Islamic Republic of Iran Constitution|access-date=30 मार्च 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080225010032/http://www.iranonline.com/iran/iran-info/Government/constitution-1.html|archive-date=25 फ़रवरी 2008|url-status=live}}</ref>
*{{flag|मॉरीतानिया}}<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.constituteproject.org/constitution/Mauritania_2012.pdf|title=Mauritania's Constitution of 1991 with Amendments through 2012|access-date=30 मार्च 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170504073610/https://www.constituteproject.org/constitution/Mauritania_2012.pdf|archive-date=4 मई 2017|url-status=live}}</ref>
*{{flag|ओमान}}<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.constituteproject.org/constitution/Oman_2011.pdf?lang=en|title=Oman's Constitution of 1996 with Amendments through 2011|access-date=30 मार्च 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170127204703/https://www.constituteproject.org/constitution/Oman_2011.pdf?lang=en|archive-date=27 जनवरी 2017|url-status=live}}</ref>
*{{flag|सऊदी अरब}}<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.servat.unibe.ch/icl/sa00000_.html|title=Basic Law of Saudi Arabia|access-date=30 मार्च 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111226203908/http://www.servat.unibe.ch/icl/sa00000_.html|archive-date=26 दिसंबर 2011|url-status=live}}</ref>
*{{flag|यमन}}<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.constituteproject.org/constitution/Yemen_2001.pdf?lang=en|title=Yemen's Constitution of 1991 with Amendments through 2001|access-date=30 मार्च 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170127144814/https://www.constituteproject.org/constitution/Yemen_2001.pdf?lang=en|archive-date=27 जनवरी 2017|url-status=live}}</ref>{{Div col end}}

====राज्य धर्म====

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*{{flag|अल्जीरिया}}<ref>{{cite web|url=http://confinder.richmond.edu/admin/docs/local_algeria.pdf|title=Of the People’s Democratic Republic of Algeria|access-date=30 मार्च 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170504073600/http://confinder.richmond.edu/admin/docs/local_algeria.pdf|archive-date=4 मई 2017|url-status=dead}}</ref>
*{{flag|बहरीन}}<ref>{{cite web|url=https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Constitution_of_the_Kingdom_of_Bahrain_(2002)#Article_2_.5BState_Religion.2C_Shari.27a.2C_Official_Language.5D|title=Constitution of the Kingdom of Bahrain (2002)|access-date=30 मार्च 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170223212553/https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Constitution_of_the_Kingdom_of_Bahrain_(2002)#Article_2_.5BState_Religion.2C_Shari.27a.2C_Official_Language.5D|archive-date=23 फ़रवरी 2017|url-status=live}}</ref>
*{{BRN}}<ref name="cia.gov">{{cite web |url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/bx.html |title=The World Factbook |publisher=Cia.gov |date= |accessdate=30 December 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150721102115/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/bx.html |archive-date=21 जुलाई 2015 |url-status=live }}</ref>
*{{flag|कोमोरोस}}<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.constituteproject.org/constitution/Comoros_2009.pdf|title=Comoros's Constitution of 2001 with Amendments through 2009|access-date=30 मार्च 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170504073557/https://www.constituteproject.org/constitution/Comoros_2009.pdf|archive-date=4 मई 2017|url-status=live}}</ref>
*{{flag|जिबूती}}<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.constituteproject.org/constitution/Djibouti_2010.pdf?lang=en|title=Djibouti's Constitution of 1992 with Amendments through 2010|access-date=30 मार्च 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160625074422/https://www.constituteproject.org/constitution/Djibouti_2010.pdf?lang=en|archive-date=25 जून 2016|url-status=live}}</ref>
*{{flag|मिस्र}}<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.constituteproject.org/constitution/Egypt_2014.pdf|title=Egypt's Constitution of 2014|access-date=30 मार्च 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170504073608/https://www.constituteproject.org/constitution/Egypt_2014.pdf|archive-date=4 मई 2017|url-status=live}}</ref>
*{{flag|इराक}}<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.iraqinationality.gov.iq/attach/iraqi_constitution.pdf|title=Constitution of Iraq|access-date=30 मार्च 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161128152712/http://www.iraqinationality.gov.iq/attach/iraqi_constitution.pdf|archive-date=28 नवंबर 2016|url-status=dead}}</ref>
*{{flag|जार्डन}}<ref>[https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/jo.html "Jordan country report"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180129161309/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/jo.html |date=29 जनवरी 2018 }}, ''The World Factbook'', U.S. Central Intelligence Agency, 24 August 2012</ref>
*{{flag|कुवैत}}<ref name=irfr2002>{{cite web |url=http://www.state.gov/j/drl/rls/irf/2002/14005.htm |title=International Religious Freedom Report |work=US State Department |year=2002 |access-date=30 मार्च 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170512213405/https://www.state.gov/j/drl/rls/irf/2002/14005.htm |archive-date=12 मई 2017 |url-status=live }}</ref>
*{{flag|लीबिया}}<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.constituteproject.org/constitution/Libya_2012.pdf?lang=en|title=Libya's Constitution of 2011 with Amendments through 2012|access-date=30 मार्च 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170127204715/https://www.constituteproject.org/constitution/Libya_2012.pdf?lang=en|archive-date=27 जनवरी 2017|url-status=live}}</ref>
*{{MDV}}<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.presidencymaldives.gov.mv/Documents/ConstitutionOfMaldives.pdf |title=Constitution of the Republic of Maldives 2008 |access-date=30 मार्च 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170519142814/http://www.presidencymaldives.gov.mv/Documents/ConstitutionOfMaldives.pdf |archive-date=19 मई 2017 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
*{{flag|मलेशिया}}<ref>{{cite web|url=http://confinder.richmond.edu/admin/docs/malaysia.pdf|title=Constitution of Malaysia|access-date=30 मार्च 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110514094615/http://confinder.richmond.edu/admin/docs/malaysia.pdf|archive-date=14 मई 2011|url-status=dead}}</ref>
*{{flag|मोरक्को}}<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.constituteproject.org/constitution/Morocco_2011.pdf?lang=en|title=Morocco's Constitution of 2011|access-date=30 मार्च 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170127204730/https://www.constituteproject.org/constitution/Morocco_2011.pdf?lang=en|archive-date=27 जनवरी 2017|url-status=live}}</ref>
*{{flag|पाकिस्तान}}<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.pakistani.org/pakistan/constitution/|title=The Constitution of the Islamic Republic of Pakistan|access-date=30 मार्च 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190606184256/http://www.pakistani.org/pakistan/constitution/|archive-date=6 जून 2019|url-status=dead}}</ref>
*{{flag|कतर}}<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.constituteproject.org/constitution/Qatar_2003.pdf|title=Qatar's Constitution of 2003|access-date=30 मार्च 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170127143256/https://www.constituteproject.org/constitution/Qatar_2003.pdf|archive-date=27 जनवरी 2017|url-status=live}}</ref>
*{{flag|सहरावी गणराज्य}}<ref>{{cite book|last=Janos|first=Besenyo|year=2009|title=Western Sahara|publisher=Publikon Publishers|location=Pécs|ISBN=978-963-88332-0-4|url=http://www.kalasnyikov.hu/dokumentumok/besenyo_western_sahara.pdf|access-date=30 मार्च 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160107095817/http://www.kalasnyikov.hu/dokumentumok/besenyo_western_sahara.pdf|archive-date=7 जनवरी 2016|url-status=live}}</ref>
*{{flag|सोमालिया}}<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.constituteproject.org/constitution/Somalia_2012?lang=en|title=Provisional Constitution of the Federal Republic of Somalia|access-date=30 मार्च 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170127204711/https://www.constituteproject.org/constitution/Somalia_2012?lang=en|archive-date=27 जनवरी 2017|url-status=live}}</ref>
*{{flag|ट्यूनिशिया}}<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.constituteproject.org/constitution/Tunisia_2014.pdf?lang=en|title=Tunisia's Constitution of 2014|access-date=30 मार्च 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170127204656/https://www.constituteproject.org/constitution/Tunisia_2014.pdf?lang=en|archive-date=27 जनवरी 2017|url-status=live}}</ref>
*{{flag|संयुक्त अरब अमीरात}}<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.constituteproject.org/constitution/United_Arab_Emirates_2009.pdf?lang=en|title=United Arab Emirates's Constitution of 1971 with Amendments through 2009|access-date=30 मार्च 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161029092800/https://www.constituteproject.org/constitution/United_Arab_Emirates_2009.pdf?lang=en|archive-date=29 अक्तूबर 2016|url-status=live}}</ref>
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====अस्पष्ट / कोई घोषणा नही====
ये तटस्थ राज्य हैं जहां धर्म की स्थिति के संबंध में संवैधानिक या आधिकारिक घोषणा स्पष्ट या अस्थिर नहीं है।
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{{flag|बांग्लादेश}}
{{flag|इंडोनेशिया}}
-
{{flag|लेबनान}}
{{flag|सीरिया}}
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====धर्मनिरपेक्ष राज्य====
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*{{flag|अल्बानिया}}<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.servat.unibe.ch/icl/al00000_.html#A007_|title=ICL - Albania - Constitution|publisher=|accessdate=18 March 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924115436/http://www.servat.unibe.ch/icl/al00000_.html#A007_|archive-date=24 सितंबर 2015|url-status=dead}}</ref>
*{{AZE}}<ref name="Article 7.1 of Constitution">{{Cite web |url=http://azerbaijan.az/portal/General/Constitution/doc/constitution_e.pdf |title=Article 7.1 of Constitution |access-date=30 मार्च 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111026135534/http://azerbaijan.az/portal/General/Constitution/doc/constitution_e.pdf |archive-date=26 अक्तूबर 2011 |url-status=dead }}</ref> 
*{{flag|बोस्निया और हर्जेगोविना }}<ref>{{cite web|url=http://servat.unibe.ch/icl/bk00000_.html|title=ICL - Bosnia and Herzegovina - Constitution|publisher=|accessdate=18 March 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141003211952/http://www.servat.unibe.ch/icl/bk00000_.html|archive-date=3 अक्तूबर 2014|url-status=dead}}</ref>
*{{BFE}}<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20061009112408/http://www.chr.up.ac.za/hr_docs/constitutions/docs/Burkina%20FasoC%20(englishsummary)(rev).doc Article 31 of Constitution]</ref>
*{{flag|चाड}}<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20061009114533/http://www.chr.up.ac.za/hr_docs/constitutions/docs/ChadC%20(english%20summary)(rev).doc Article 1 of Constitution]</ref>
*{{flag|गाम्बिया}}<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.state.gov/documents/organization/238430.pdf |title=संग्रहीत प्रति |access-date=30 मार्च 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170504044022/https://www.state.gov/documents/organization/238430.pdf |archive-date=4 मई 2017 |url-status=live }}</ref>
*{{flag|गिनी}}<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://unpan1.un.org/intradoc/groups/public/documents/cafrad/unpan002994.pdf |title=Article 1 of Constitution |access-date=30 मार्च 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20040913180737/http://unpan1.un.org/intradoc/groups/public/documents/cafrad/unpan002994.pdf |archive-date=13 सितंबर 2004 |url-status=bot: unknown }}</ref>
*{{GNB}}<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.cicr.org/ihl-nat.nsf/162d151af444ded44125673e00508141/8ff8cad34667b579c1257083002a6fa8/$FILE/Constitution%20Guinea%20Bissau.doc |title=Article 1 of Constitution |access-date=30 मार्च 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131105121916/http://www.cicr.org/ihl-nat.nsf/162d151af444ded44125673e00508141/8ff8cad34667b579c1257083002a6fa8/$FILE/Constitution%20Guinea%20Bissau.doc |archive-date=5 नवंबर 2013 |url-status=bot: unknown }}</ref>
*{{KAZ}}<ref name="akorda.kz">{{Cite web |url=http://www.akorda.kz/en/category/konstituciya |title=संग्रहीत प्रति |access-date=30 मार्च 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140924011326/http://www.akorda.kz/en/category/konstituciya |archive-date=24 सितंबर 2014 |url-status=live }}</ref>
*{{flag|कोसोवो}}<ref>[http://www.kushtetutakosoves.info/?cid=2,247 Republic of Kosovo constitution] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131121073327/http://www.kushtetutakosoves.info/?cid=2,247 |date=21 नवंबर 2013 }}, Republic of Kosovo constitution,</ref>
*{{flag|किर्घिस्तान}}<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.coe.int/T/E/Legal_Affairs/Legal_co-operation/Foreigners_and_citizens/Nationality/Documents/National_legislation/Kyrgyzstan%20Constitution%20of%20the%20Kyrghyz%20Republic.asp |title=Article 1 of Constitution |access-date=30 मार्च 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100422085810/http://www.coe.int/T/E/Legal_Affairs/Legal_co-operation/Foreigners_and_citizens/Nationality/Documents/National_legislation/Kyrgyzstan%20Constitution%20of%20the%20Kyrghyz%20Republic.asp |archive-date=22 अप्रैल 2010 |url-status=bot: unknown }}</ref>
*{{flag|माली}}<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://confinder.richmond.edu/admin/docs/Mali.pdf |title=Preamble of Constitution |access-date=30 मार्च 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170329163633/http://confinder.richmond.edu/admin/docs/Mali.pdf |archive-date=29 मार्च 2017 |url-status=bot: unknown }}</ref>
*{{flag|नाइजर}}<ref>John L. Esposito. The Oxford Dictionary of Islam. Oxford University Press US, (2004) ISBN 0-19-512559-2 pp.233-234</ref>
*{{flag|नाइजीरिया}}<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.nigeria-law.org/ConstitutionOfTheFederalRepublicOfNigeria.htm#Powers_of_Federal_Republic_of_Nigeria|title=Nigerian Constitution|work=Nigeria Law|accessdate=17 July 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180115010604/http://www.nigeria-law.org/ConstitutionOfTheFederalRepublicOfNigeria.htm#Powers_of_Federal_Republic_of_Nigeria|archive-date=15 जनवरी 2018|url-status=dead}}</ref>
*{{flag|उत्तरी साइप्रस}}
*{{SEN}}<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.state.gov/g/drl/rls/irf/2007/90117.htm|title=Senegal|work=U.S. Department of State|accessdate=18 March 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100828091740/http://www.state.gov/g/drl/rls/irf/2007/90117.htm|archive-date=28 अगस्त 2010|url-status=live}}</ref>
*{{SLE}}<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.constituteproject.org/constitution/Sierra_Leone_2008.pdf?lang=en|title=Sierra Leone's Constitution of 1991, Reinstated in 1996, with Amendments through 2008|access-date=30 मार्च 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161030081457/https://www.constituteproject.org/constitution/Sierra_Leone_2008.pdf?lang=en|archive-date=30 अक्तूबर 2016|url-status=live}}</ref>
*{{flag|TJK}}<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.constituteproject.org/constitution/Tajikistan_2003.pdf?lang=en|title=Tajikistan's Constitution of 1994 with Amendments through 2003|access-date=30 मार्च 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170102213123/https://www.constituteproject.org/constitution/Tajikistan_2003.pdf?lang=en|archive-date=2 जनवरी 2017|url-status=live}}</ref>
*{{flag|तुर्की}}<ref name="Article 2 of Constitution">{{cite web|url=http://www.tbmm.gov.tr/anayasa.htm|title=Article 2 of Constitution|publisher=|accessdate=18 March 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101201041755/http://www.tbmm.gov.tr/anayasa.htm|archive-date=1 दिसंबर 2010|url-status=dead}}</ref>
*{{flag|TKM}}<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.uta.edu/cpsees/TURKCON.htm|title=Constitution of Turkmenistan|publisher=|accessdate=18 March 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150414030847/http://www.uta.edu/cpsees/TURKCON.htm|archive-date=14 अप्रैल 2015|url-status=live}}</ref>
*{{flag|UZB}}<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.constituteproject.org/constitution/Uzbekistan_2011.pdf?lang=en|title=Uzbekistan's Constitution of 1992 with Amendments through 2011|access-date=30 मार्च 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170127204735/https://www.constituteproject.org/constitution/Uzbekistan_2011.pdf?lang=en|archive-date=27 जनवरी 2017|url-status=live}}</ref>
*{{flagicon|फिलिस्तीन}}<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/we.html|title=The World Factbook — Central Intelligence Agency|publisher=|access-date=30 मार्च 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140506164505/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/we.html|archive-date=6 मई 2014|url-status=live}}</ref>
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