"मंगल ग्रह" (अनुभाग) सम्पादित करें

== सन्दर्भ ==

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<ref name="meanplane">{{cite web|date=2009-04-03|title=The MeanPlane (Invariable plane) of the Solar System passing through the barycenter|url=http://home.surewest.net/kheider/astro/MeanPlane.gif|accessdate=2009-04-10}} (produced with [http://chemistry.unina.it/~alvitagl/solex/ Solex 10] written by Aldo Vitagliano; see also [[invariable plane]])</ref>
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<ref name="mars2010">{{cite web |date=May 6, 2009 |title=Mars 2009/2010 |publisher=Students for the Exploration and Development of Space (SEDS) |url=http://spider.seds.org/spider/Mars/mars2010.html |accessdate=2007-12-28 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120308015425/http://spider.seds.org/spider/Mars/mars2010.html |archive-date=8 मार्च 2012 |url-status=live }}</ref>

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<ref name="Seidelmann2007">
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<ref name="lodders1998">{{cite book|author=Lodders, Katharina; Fegley, Bruce|year=1998|title=The planetary scientist's companion|page=190|publisher=Oxford University Press US|isbn=0-19-511694-1}}</ref>

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<ref name="northcratersn">{{cite web|date=July 19, 2008|title=Impact May Have Transformed Mars|publisher=ScienceNews.org|first=Ashley|last=Yeager|url=http://www.sciencenews.org/view/generic/id/33622/title/Impact_may_have_transformed_Mars_|accessdate=2008-08-12|archive-url=https://archive.is/20120914153420/http://www.sciencenews.org/view/generic/id/33622/title/Impact_may_have_transformed_Mars_|archive-date=14 सितंबर 2012|url-status=live}}</ref>

<ref name="northcraterguard">{{cite news|date=June 26, 2008|title=Cataclysmic impact created north-south divide on Mars|publisher=Science @ guardian.co.uk|first=Ian|last=Sample|url=http://www.guardian.co.uk/science/2008/jun/26/mars.asteroid?gusrc=rss&feed=science|accessdate=2008-08-12|location=London|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080628030623/http://www.guardian.co.uk/science/2008/jun/26/mars.asteroid?gusrc=rss&feed=science|archive-date=28 जून 2008|url-status=live}}</ref>
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<ref name="marswater">{{cite web|publisher=NASA/JPL|date=December 6, 2006|url=http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/mars/news/mgs-20061206.html|title=NASA Images Suggest Water Still Flows in Brief Spurts on Mars|accessdate=2007-01-04}}</ref>
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<ref name="specials1">{{cite web|title=Water ice in crater at Martian north pole|date=July 28, 2005|publisher=ESA|url=http://www.esa.int/SPECIALS/Mars_Express/SEMGKA808BE_0.html|accessdate=2010-03-19|archive-url=https://www.webcitation.org/6B75zjwiu?url=http://www.esa.int/SPECIALS/Mars_Express/SEMGKA808BE_0.html|archive-date=2 अक्तूबर 2012|url-status=live}}</ref>

<ref name="jsg.utexas.edu">{{cite web|title=Scientists Discover Concealed Glaciers on Mars at Mid-Latitudes|date=November 20, 2008|publisher=University of Texas at Austin|url=http://www.jsg.utexas.edu/news/rels/112008.html|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110725200229/http://www.jsg.utexas.edu/news/rels/112008.html|archivedate=25 जुलाई 2011|accessdate=2010-03-19|url-status=dead}}</ref>
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<ref name="esa050221">{{cite news|title=Mars pictures reveal frozen sea|publisher=ESA|author=Staff|date= फ़रवरी 21, 2005|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/science/nature/4285119.stm|accessdate=2010-03-19}}</ref>
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<ref name="spacecraft1">{{cite web|date=July 31, 2008|title=NASA Spacecraft Confirms Martian Water, Mission Extended|publisher=Science @ NASA|url=http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/phoenix/news/phoenix-20080731.html|accessdate=2008-08-01|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120418005710/http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/phoenix/news/phoenix-20080731.html|archive-date=18 अप्रैल 2012|url-status=live}}</ref>
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<ref name="webster_beasley05">{{cite web|publisher=NASA|date=September 20, 2005|author=Webster, G.; Beasley, D.|title=Orbiter's Long Life Helps Scientists Track Changes on Mars|url=http://mpfwww.jpl.nasa.gov/mgs/newsroom/20050920a.html|accessdate=2007-02-26}}</ref>
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<ref name="nssdc">{{cite web|author=Williams, David R.|title=Mars Fact Sheet|work=National Space Science Data Center|publisher=NASA|date=September 1, 2004|url=http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/planetary/factsheet/marsfact.html|accessdate=2006-06-24|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100612092806/http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/planetary/factsheet/marsfact.html|archive-date=12 जून 2010|url-status=live}}</ref>

<ref name="rust">{{cite web|last=Peplow|first=Mark|title=How Mars got its rust|work=BioEd Online|publisher=MacMillan Publishers Ltd.|url=http://www.bioedonline.org/news/news-print.cfm?art=953|accessdate=2007-03-10|archive-url=https://archive.is/20120914153630/http://www.bioedonline.org/news/news-print.cfm?art=953|archive-date=14 सितंबर 2012|url-status=dead}}</ref>

<ref name="sci300a">{{cite journal|last=Christensen|first=Philip R.|author2=''et al''.|date=June 27, 2003|title=Morphology and Composition of the Surface of Mars: Mars Odyssey THEMIS Results|journal=Science|volume=300|issue=5628|pages=2056–2061|doi=10.1126/science.1080885|pmid=12791998|bibcode = 2003Sci...300.2056C }}</ref>

<ref name="sci300b">{{cite journal|last=Golombek|first=Matthew P.|date=June 27, 2003|title=The Surface of Mars: Not Just Dust and Rocks|journal=Science|volume=300|issue=5628|pages=2043–2044|doi=10.1126/science.1082927|pmid=12829771}}</ref>

<ref name="magnetosphere">{{cite web|date=2006-11-09|title=Magnetic Fields and Mars|publisher=Mars Global Surveyor @ NASA|author=Valentine, Theresa; Amde, Lishan|url=http://mgs-mager.gsfc.nasa.gov/Kids/magfield.html|accessdate=2009-07-17|archive-url=https://archive.is/20120914152639/http://mgs-mager.gsfc.nasa.gov/Kids/magfield.html|archive-date=14 सितंबर 2012|url-status=dead}}</ref>

<ref name="plates">{{cite web|first1=Nancy|last1=Neal-Jones|first2=Cynthia|last2=O'Carroll|publisher=NASA/Goddard Space Flight Center|title=New Map Provides More Evidence Mars Once Like Earth|url=http://www.nasa.gov/centers/goddard/news/topstory/2005/mgs_plates.html|accessdate=2011-12-04|archive-url=https://archive.is/20120914153601/http://www.nasa.gov/centers/goddard/news/topstory/2005/mgs_plates.html|archive-date=14 सितंबर 2012|url-status=live}}</ref>

<ref name="jacque03">{{cite news|last1=Jacqué|first1=Dave|url=http://www.anl.gov/Media_Center/News/2003/030926mars.htm|title=APS X-rays reveal secrets of Mars' core|publisher=Argonne National Laboratory|date=September 26, 2003|accessdate=2006-07-01|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060109125753/http://www.anl.gov/Media_Center/News/2003/030926mars.htm|archive-date=9 जनवरी 2006|url-status=live}}</ref>

<ref name="jog91">{{cite journal|last=Tanaka|first=K. L.|year=1986|title=The Stratigraphy of Mars|journal=[[Journal of Geophysical Research]]|volume=91|issue=B13|pages=E139–E158|doi=10.1029/JB091iB13p0E139|bibcode=1986JGR....91..139T}}</ref>

<ref name="dc080304">{{cite web|url=http://dsc.discovery.com/news/2008/03/04/mars-avalanche.html|title=Mars avalanche caught on camera|date=2008-03-04|work=Discovery Channel|publisher=Discovery Communications|accessdate=2009-03-04|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100308045546/http://dsc.discovery.com/news/2008/03/04/mars-avalanche.html|archive-date=8 मार्च 2010|url-status=live}}</ref>

<ref name="sciam080627">{{cite web|url=http://www.sciam.com/article.cfm?id=giant-asteroid-flattened|title=Giant Asteroid Flattened Half of Mars, Studies Suggest|publisher=Scientific American|accessdate=2008-06-27}}</ref>

<ref name="nyt080626">{{cite news|url=http://www.nytimes.com/2008/06/26/science/space/26mars.html?em&ex=1214712000&en=bd0be05a87523855&ei=5087%0A|title=Huge Meteor Strike Explains Mars’s Shape, Reports Say|publisher=New York Times|accessdate=2008-06-27|first=Kenneth|last=Chang|date=June 26, 2008|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150319090633/http://www.nytimes.com/2008/06/26/science/space/26mars.html?em&ex=1214712000&en=bd0be05a87523855&ei=5087%0A|archive-date=19 मार्च 2015|url-status=live}}</ref>

<ref name="nasa051103">{{cite news|date=November 3, 2005|publisher=NASA|title=Close Encounter: Mars at Opposition|url=http://hubblesite.org/newscenter/archive/releases/2005/34/image/l|accessdate=2010-03-19|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120515212352/http://hubblesite.org/newscenter/archive/releases/2005/34/image/l/|archive-date=15 मई 2012|url-status=dead}}</ref>

<ref name="bbc080627">{{cite news|title=Martian soil 'could support life'|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/science/nature/7477310.stm|publisher=बीबीसी न्यूज़|date=June 27, 2008|accessdate=2008-08-07|archive-url=https://www.webcitation.org/616Wsntxv?url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/science/nature/7477310.stm|archive-date=21 अगस्त 2011|url-status=live}}</ref>

<ref name="marssalt">{{cite news|url=http://www.usatoday.com/tech/science/space/2008-08-04-mars-soil_N.htm|title=Scientists: Salt in Mars soil not bad for life|last=Chang|first=Alicia|agency=Associated Press|accessdate=2008-08-07|date=August 5, 2008|work=USA Today|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110821150413/http://www.usatoday.com/tech/science/space/2008-08-04-mars-soil_N.htm|archive-date=21 अगस्त 2011|url-status=live}}</ref>

<ref name="jpl_soil">{{cite web|title=NASA Spacecraft Analyzing Martian Soil Data|url=http://www.jpl.nasa.gov/news/phoenix/release.php?ArticleID=1816|publisher=JPL|accessdate=2008-08-05|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170522063940/https://www.jpl.nasa.gov/news/phoenix/release.php?ArticleID=1816|archive-date=22 मई 2017|url-status=live}}</ref>

<ref name="jpl_dust_devil">{{cite web|url=http://hirise.lpl.arizona.edu/ESP_013751_1115|title=Dust Devil Etch-A-Sketch (ESP_013751_1115)|publisher=NASA/JPL/University of Arizona|date=2009-07-02|accessdate=2010-01-01|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120201092649/http://hirise.lpl.arizona.edu/ESP_013751_1115|archive-date=1 फ़रवरी 2012|url-status=dead}}</ref>

<ref name="gpl29_23_41">{{cite journal | author=Schorghofer, Norbert; Aharonson, Oded; Khatiwala, Samar | title=Slope streaks on Mars: Correlations with surface properties and the potential role of water | journal=Geophysical Research Letters | volume=29 | issue=23 | pages=41–1 | year=2002 | doi=10.1029/2002GL015889 | bibcode=2002GeoRL..29w..41S }}</ref>

<ref name="oleb33_4_515">{{cite journal | author=Gánti, Tibor |author2=''et al.'' | title=Dark Dune Spots: Possible Biomarkers on Mars? | journal=Origins of Life and Evolution of the Biosphere | volume=33 | issue=4 | pages=515–557| year=2003 | bibcode=2003OLEB...33..515G }}</ref>

<ref name="bbc040124">{{cite news|first=David|last=Whitehouse|date=जनवरी 24, 2004|title=Long history of water and Mars|work=बीबीसी न्यूज़|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/sci/tech/3426539.stm|accessdate=2010-03-20|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090111181125/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/sci/tech/3426539.stm|archive-date=11 जनवरी 2009|url-status=live}}</ref>

<ref name="jgr110">{{Cite journal|journal=[[Journal of Geophysical Research]]|date=May 7, 2005|last=Heldmann|first=Jennifer L.|author2=''et al''.|title=Formation of Martian gullies by the action of liquid water flowing under current Martian environmental conditions|url=http://daleandersen.seti.org/Dale_Andersen/Science_articles_files/Heldmann%20et%20al.2005.pdf|format=PDF|volume=110|issue=E5|page=Eo5004|doi=10.1029/2004JE002261|accessdate=2008-09-17|bibcode=2005JGRE..11005004H|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081001162643/http://daleandersen.seti.org/Dale_Andersen/Science_articles_files/Heldmann%20et%20al.2005.pdf|archive-date=1 अक्तूबर 2008|url-status=dead}} 'conditions such as now occur on Mars, outside of the temperature-pressure stability regime of liquid water'... 'Liquid water is typically stable at the lowest elevations and at low latitudes on the planet because the atmospheric pressure is greater than the [[vapor pressure]] of water and surface temperatures in equatorial regions can reach 273 K for parts of the day [Haberle ''et al''., 2001]'</ref>
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<ref name="kostama">{{Cite journal|journal=Geophysical Research Letters|volume=33|issue=11|page=L11201|date=June 3, 2006|author=Kostama, V.-P.; Kreslavsky, M. A.; Head, J. W.|title=Recent high-latitude icy mantle in the northern plains of Mars: Characteristics and ages of emplacement|url=http://www.agu.org/pubs/crossref/2006/2006GL025946.shtml|doi=10.1029/2006GL025946|accessdate=2007-08-12|bibcode=2006GeoRL..3311201K}} 'Martian high-latitude zones are covered with a smooth, layered ice-rich mantle'.</ref>

<ref name="sci299">{{cite journal|author=Byrne, Shane; Ingersoll, Andrew P.|title=A Sublimation Model for Martian South Polar Ice Features|journal=Science|volume=299|issue=5609|pages=1051–1053|year=2003|pmid=12586939|doi=10.1126/science.1080148|bibcode = 2003Sci...299.1051B }}</ref>
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<ref name="nasa070315">{{cite web|publisher=NASA|date=March 15, 2007|title=Mars' South Pole Ice Deep and Wide|url=http://jpl.nasa.gov/news/news.cfm?release=2007-030|accessdate=2007-03-16|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120716205616/http://www.jpl.nasa.gov/news/news.cfm?release=2007-030|archive-date=16 जुलाई 2012|url-status=dead}}</ref>
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<ref name="nature434">{{Cite journal|last=Murray|first=John B.|author2=''et al''.|title=Evidence from the Mars Express High Resolution Stereo Camera for a frozen sea close to Mars' equator|journal=Nature|volume=434|pages=352–356|date=March 17, 2005|doi=10.1038/nature03379|pmid=15772653|issue=703|bibcode = 2005Natur.434..352M }}</ref>

<ref name="Kerr2005">{{Cite journal|last=Kerr|first=Richard A.|title=Ice or Lava Sea on Mars? A Transatlantic Debate Erupts|journal=Science|volume=307|issue=5714|pages=1390–1391|date=March 4, 2005|doi=10.1126/science.307.5714.1390a|pmid=15746395}}</ref>

<ref name="Jaeger2007">{{Cite journal|last=Jaeger|first=W. L.|author2=''et al''.|title=Athabasca Valles, Mars: A Lava-Draped Channel System|journal=Science|volume=317|pages=1709–1711|date=September 21, 2007|doi=10.1126/science.1143315|pmid=17885126|issue=5845|bibcode = 2007Sci...317.1709J }}</ref>

<ref name="sci288">{{cite journal|last=Malin|first=Michael C.|last2=Edgett|first2=KS|title=Evidence for Recent Groundwater Seepage and Surface Runoff on Mars|journal=Science|volume=288|issue=5475|pages=2330–2335|date=June 30, 2000|pmid=10875910|doi=10.1126/science.288.5475.2330|bibcode = 2000Sci...288.2330M }}</ref>

<ref name="nasa061206">{{cite web|title=NASA Images Suggest Water Still Flows in Brief Spurts on Mars |publisher=NASA| date=December 6, 2006|url=http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/mars/news/mgs-20061206.html|accessdate=2006-12-06}}</ref>

<ref name="bbc061206">{{cite news|title=Water flowed recently on Mars|publisher=BBC|date=December 6, 2006|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/sci/tech/6214834.stm|accessdate=2006-12-06}}</ref>

<ref name="nasa061206b">{{cite news|publisher=NASA|date=December 6, 2006|title=Water May Still Flow on Mars, NASA Photo Suggests|url=http://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=6587226|accessdate=2006-04-30}}</ref>

<ref name="sci317">{{cite journal|last=McEwen|first=A. S.|author2=''et al''.|title=A Closer Look at Water-Related Geologic Activity on Mars|journal=Science|volume=317|pages=1706–1709|date=September 21, 2007|doi=10.1126/science.1143987|pmid=17885125|issue=5845|bibcode=2007Sci...317.1706M}}</ref>

<ref name="nasa040303">{{cite press release|publisher=NASA|date=March 3, 2004|title=Mineral in Mars 'Berries' Adds to Water Story|url=http://www.jpl.nasa.gov/releases/2004/88.cfm|archiveurl=http://web.archive.org/web/20071109185031/http://www.jpl.nasa.gov/releases/2004/88.cfm|archivedate=2007-11-09|accessdate=2006-06-13}}</ref>

<ref name="nasa101001">{{cite web|title=Mars Exploration Rover Mission: Science|publisher=NASA|date=2007-07-12|url=http://marsrover.nasa.gov/science/goal1-results.html|accessdate=2010-01-10}}</ref>
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<ref name="ag44_4">{{cite journal|author=Mitchell, Karl L.; Wilson, Lionel|title=Mars: recent geological activity : Mars: a geologically active planet|journal=[[Astronomy & Geophysics]]|volume=44|issue=4|pages=4.16–4.20|year=2003|doi=10.1046/j.1468-4004.2003.44416.x|bibcode=2003A&G....44d..16M}}</ref>

<ref name="icarus169">{{cite journal|author=Mellon, J. T.; Feldman, W. C.; Prettyman, T. H.|title=The presence and stability of ground ice in the southern hemisphere of Mars|journal=Icarus|year=2003|volume=169|issue=2|pages=324–340|bibcode=2004Icar..169..324M|doi=10.1016/j.icarus.2003.10.022}}</ref>

<ref name="clouds">{{cite news|date=December 13, 2004|title=Mars Rovers Spot Water-Clue Mineral, Frost, Clouds|url=http://marsrovers.jpl.nasa.gov/gallery/press/opportunity/20041213a.html|publisher=NASA|accessdate=2006-03-17|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120224153628/http://marsrovers.jpl.nasa.gov/gallery/press/opportunity/20041213a.html|archive-date=24 फ़रवरी 2012|url-status=dead}}</ref>

<ref name="mira">{{cite web|title=MIRA's Field Trips to the Stars Internet Education Program|publisher=Mira.or|url=http://www.mira.org/fts0/planets/097/text/txt002x.htm|accessdate=2007-02-26|archive-url=https://www.webcitation.org/616Wm0v0n?url=http://www.mira.org/fts0/planets/097/text/txt002x.htm|archive-date=21 अगस्त 2011|url-status=dead}}</ref>

<ref name="darling_marspoles">{{cite web|last=Darling|first=David|title=Mars, polar caps|work=Encyclopedia of Astrobiology, Astronomy, and Spaceflight|url=http://www.daviddarling.info/encyclopedia/M/Marspoles.html|accessdate=2007-02-26|archive-url=https://www.webcitation.org/616WmSQ0r?url=http://www.daviddarling.info/encyclopedia/M/Marspoles.html|archive-date=21 अगस्त 2011|url-status=live}}</ref>

<ref name="brown">{{cite journal|last=Carr|first=Michael H.|title=Oceans on Mars: An assessment of the observational evidence and possible fate|journal=Journal of Geophysical Research|year=2003|volume=108|issue=5042|page=24|bibcode=2003JGRE..108.5042C|doi=10.1029/2002JE001963}}</ref>

<ref name="phillips">{{cite web|last=Phillips|first=Tony|title=Mars is Melting, Science at NASA|url=http://science.nasa.gov/headlines/y2003/07aug_southpole.htm|accessdate=2007-02-26|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070224153145/http://science.nasa.gov/headlines/y2003/07aug_southpole.htm|archive-date=24 फ़रवरी 2007|url-status=live}}</ref>

<ref name="sci315">{{cite journal|title=Subsurface Radar Sounding of the South Polar Layered Deposits of Mars|author=Plaut, J. J|author2=''et al''.|journal=Science|volume=315|year=2007|issue=5821|doi=10.1126/science.1139672|page=92|pmid=17363628|bibcode = 2007Sci...316...92P }}</ref>

<ref name="2006-100">{{cite news|title=NASA Findings Suggest Jets Bursting From Martian Ice Cap|date=August 16, 2006|publisher=NASA|url=http://www.jpl.nasa.gov/news/news.cfm?release=2006-100|work=Jet Propulsion Laboratory|accessdate=2009-08-11|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091010164741/http://www.jpl.nasa.gov/news/news.cfm?release=2006-100|archive-date=10 अक्तूबर 2009|url-status=live}}</ref>

<ref name="Kieffer2000">{{cite web|first=H. H.|last=Kieffer|year=2000|title=Mars Polar Science 2000|url=http://www.lpi.usra.edu/meetings/polar2000/pdf/4095.pdf|format=PDF|accessdate=2009-09-06|archive-url=https://www.webcitation.org/616WmxuWK?url=http://www.lpi.usra.edu/meetings/polar2000/pdf/4095.pdf|archive-date=21 अगस्त 2011|url-status=live}}</ref>

<ref name="Portyankina">{{cite web|title=Fourth Mars Polar Science Conference|editor=G. Portyankina|year=2006|url=http://www.lpi.usra.edu/meetings/polar2006/pdf/8040.pdf|format=PDF|accessdate=2009-08-11|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120217023905/http://www.lpi.usra.edu/meetings/polar2006/pdf/8040.pdf|archive-date=17 फ़रवरी 2012|url-status=live}}</ref>

<ref name="Hugh2006">{{cite journal|title=CO2 jets formed by sublimation beneath translucent slab ice in Mars' seasonal south polar ice cap|journal=Nature|first=Hugh H.|last=Kieffer|author2=Christensen, Philip R.; Titus, Timothy N.|date=May 30, 2006|volume=442|issue=7104|pmid=16915284|pages=793–796|doi=10.1038/nature04945|bibcode = 2006Natur.442..793K }}</ref>

<ref name="sheehan_ch04">{{cite web|last=Sheehan|first=William|url=http://www.uapress.arizona.edu/onlinebks/mars/chap04.htm|title=Areographers|work=The Planet Mars: A History of Observation and Discovery|accessdate=2006-06-13|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170701062415/http://www.uapress.arizona.edu/onlinebks/MARS/CHAP04.HTM|archive-date=1 जुलाई 2017|url-status=live}}</ref>

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<ref name=esa091212>{{cite web|title=The ESA-NASA ExoMars programme 2016–2018—an overview|date=December 12, 2009|publisher=European Space Agency|url=http://exploration.esa.int/science-e/www/object/index.cfm?fobjectid=46048|accessdate=2009-12-30}}</ref>
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<ref name=esa091208>{{cite web|title=Mars Sample Return|date=December 8, 2009|publisher=European Space Agency|url=http://exploration.esa.int/science-e/www/object/index.cfm?fobjectid=44995|accessdate=2009-12-30|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120301191337/http://exploration.esa.int/science-e/www/object/index.cfm?fobjectid=44995|archive-date=1 मार्च 2012|url-status=dead}}</ref>

<ref name=marshome>{{cite web|url=http://www.marshome.org/|title=The Mars Homestead Project—Arrive, Survive, & Thrive!|publisher=Marshome.org|accessdate=2009-09-20|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120301104324/http://marshome.org/|archive-date=1 मार्च 2012|url-status=dead}}</ref>

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<ref name="MallamaMars">{{cite journal|author=Mallama, A.|title=The magnitude and albedo of Mars|journal=Icarus|volume=192|issue=2|pages=404–416|year=2007|doi=10.1016/j.icarus.2007.07.011|bibcode=2007Icar..192..404M}}</ref>

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<ref name=CraddockHoward2002>{{cite journal|author=Craddock, R.A.; Howard, A.D.|title=The case for rainfall on a warm, wet early Mars|journal=Journal of Geophysical Research|volume=107|issue=E11|year=2002|doi=10.1029/2001JE001505|bibcode=2002JGRE..107.5111C}}</ref>

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<ref name=miles_peters>{{cite web|title=Unmasking the Face|author=Miles, Kathy; Peters II, Charles F.|publisher=StarrySkies.com|url=http://starryskies.com/Artshtml/dln/5-98/mars.html|accessdate=2007-03-01}}</ref>

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<ref name=lightman97>{{cite book|first=Bernard V.|last=Lightman|year=1997|title=Victorian Science in Context|publisher=University of Chicago Press|isbn=0-226-48111-5|pages=268–273}}</ref>

<ref name=lubertozzi_holmsten03>{{cite book|author=Lubertozzi, Alex; Holmsten, Brian|year=2003|title=The war of the worlds: Mars' invasion of earth, inciting panic and inspiring terror from H.G. Wells to Orson Welles and beyond|pages=3–31|publisher=Sourcebooks, Inc.|isbn=1-57071-985-3}}</ref>

<ref name=buker02>{{cite book|first=Derek M.|last=Buker|year=2002|title=The science fiction and fantasy readers' advisory: the librarian's guide to cyborgs, aliens, and sorcerers|series=ALA readers' advisory series|page=26|publisher=ALA Editions|isbn=0-8389-0831-4}}</ref>

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<ref name="Nimmo 2005">{{cite journal | last1=Nimmo | first1=Francis | last2=Tanaka | first2=Ken | doi=10.1146/annurev.earth.33.092203.122637 | title=Early Crustal Evolution Of Mars | year=2005 | page=133 | issue=1 | volume=33 | journal=Annual Review of Earth and Planetary Sciences | bibcode=2005AREPS..33..133N }}</ref>

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<ref name=science324_5928_736>{{citation | last1=McSween | first1=Harry Y. | last2=Taylor | first2=G. Jeffrey | last3=Wyatt | first3=Michael B. | title=Elemental Composition of the Martian Crust | journal=Science | volume=324 | issue=5928 | page=736 | month=May | year=2009 | doi=10.1126/science.1165871 | bibcode=2009Sci...324..736M }}</ref>

}} <!-- END: refs = -->
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